Question 1

What is the difference between a gynecologic oncologist and a regular gynecologist?

Accepted Answer

A gynecologic oncologist completes 3-4 additional years of specialized fellowship training after OB/GYN residency, focusing exclusively on gynecologic cancers. They are trained in radical cancer surgeries, chemotherapy administration, and complex surgical techniques that general gynecologists do not perform. Studies show improved survival when gynecologic cancers are treated by these specialists.

Question 2

Do I need to see a gynecologic oncologist if I have a suspicious ovarian cyst?

Accepted Answer

Not all ovarian cysts require a gynecologic oncologist. However, if imaging or tumor markers suggest possible cancer, or if you have risk factors like BRCA mutations, a gynecologic oncologist can provide proper evaluation. They can perform surgery that both diagnoses and treats cancer in a single operation if cancer is found.

Question 3

What is debulking surgery?

Accepted Answer

Debulking (cytoreductive) surgery removes as much visible cancer as possible, which is crucial for ovarian cancer treatment. The goal is to leave no visible tumor (optimal debulking), which significantly improves chemotherapy effectiveness and survival. This complex surgery may involve removal of the uterus, ovaries, omentum, and sometimes portions of the intestines or other organs.

Question 4

What is HIPEC and when is it used?

Accepted Answer

HIPEC (Heated Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy) delivers heated chemotherapy directly into the abdominal cavity during surgery. It is used primarily for advanced ovarian cancer after debulking surgery to kill microscopic cancer cells remaining after surgery. The heat enhances chemotherapy effectiveness, and direct delivery achieves higher drug concentrations in the abdomen than IV chemotherapy.

Question 5

Should I get genetic testing for gynecologic cancer?

Accepted Answer

Genetic testing is recommended for all women with ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer, regardless of family history. It is also recommended for those with high-grade endometrial cancer, strong family history of gynecologic or breast cancers, or known hereditary mutations in the family. Results guide treatment decisions and inform family members of their risks.

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